Valuation – Software Forward P/E

Valuation – Software Forward P/E Software valuations have come under heavy pressure, with the forward P/E multiple sliding to 20 times, a level investors haven’t seen since 2014. Image: Goldman Sachs Global Investment Research

S&P 500 Sector P/E Valuations Relative to History

S&P 500 Sector P/E Valuations Relative to History Markets show no sign of fatigue, with investors keeping S&P 500 valuations stretched well beyond historical levels. Image: Goldman Sachs Global Investment Research

Valuation – 12-Month Forward P/E Ranges (MSCI Regions)

Valuation – 12-Month Forward P/E Ranges (MSCI Regions) With growth steady and earnings resilient, markets look set to push higher this year. The trouble is, valuations are already rich, leaving little room for error. Image: Goldman Sachs Global Investment Research

Valuation Ranges of MSCI World Styles Indices

Valuation Ranges of MSCI World Styles Indices Across markets and styles, valuations remain lofty amid AI-driven optimism and market concentration, forcing investors to pick their spots carefully. Image: Goldman Sachs Global Investment Research

U.S. Equity Index P/E Valuations vs. History

U.S. Equity Index P/E Valuations vs. History U.S. equities aren’t exactly a bargain at 22 times forward earnings for the S&P 500 and 27 for the Nasdaq 100, but investors keep buying as long as the earnings trend stays intact. Image: Goldman Sachs Global Investment Research

U.S. Equity Valuation Metrics (Z-Score Since 1900)

U.S. Equity Valuation Metrics (Z-Score Since 1900) U.S. equity valuations are still lofty, with major gauges more than two standard deviations above century-long norms. Cheap is not the word that comes to mind. Image: The Daily Shot

U.S. Equity Index Valuations vs. History

U.S. Equity Index Valuations vs. History The S&P SmallCap 600’s forward P/E of 16x looks attractive by historical standards, while the S&P 500’s 22x forward multiple, sitting in the 94th percentile, paints a very different picture on valuation. Image: Goldman Sachs Global Investment Research

Valuation – Mega-Cap Tech PEG Ratio

Valuation – Mega-Cap Tech PEG Ratio Despite relying on forward growth estimates that often move, the Mega-Cap Tech PEG ratio (P/E to CY3 EPS growth) has fallen sharply, echoing the lows of 2022. Image: Goldman Sachs Global Investment Research