U.S. Bank Reserves as a Percent of GDP As bank reserves relative to GDP gradually return to normal levels, they will no longer contribute to the upward momentum of equity valuation multiples. Image: Morgan Stanley Wealth Management
S&P 500 and Bank Reserves U.S. excess liquidity is expected to rise significantly and tends to push equities higher. Image: Nordea and Macrobond
Bank Reserves and S&P 500 J.P. Morgan suggests that Fed-injected liquidity is not the reason for the rise in the valuation of risk assets. Image: J.P. Morgan
Bank Reserves and the U.S. Dollar This interesting chart shows the correlation between excess reserves held by banks at the Fed and the U.S. dollar. Image: Financial Times
Dow Jones Performance Under Various Federal Reserve Bank Chairs The Dow has performed well under Jerome Powell, delivering an annualized return of 8.4%, comfortably above the long-term average of 6.2%. That puts him 8th among the 16 Fed chairs. Will Kevin Warsh do better? Image: Carson Investment Research
Gold Price vs. Gold Composite FX Breadth Indicator Gold’s role is shifting: it’s no longer just a safe haven but a cornerstone of monetary stability as central banks keep adding to their reserves in an increasingly fragile global system. Image: J.P. Morgan Flows and Liquidity
Global Central Bank Gold Reserves A striking 95% of reserve managers expect central banks to boost their gold holdings within 12 months, up from 81% a year ago—clear evidence of a sustained rush into the yellow metal. Image: Deutsche Bank
S&P 500 and Last Hike in Federal Reserve Bank Rate Hiking Cycles The last Fed rate hike is not necessarily bearish for U.S. stocks over the next 12 months. Image: Carson Investment Research
Interest Rates – S&P 500 Index and Federal Reserve Bank Rate Hikes per Year Historically, if the U.S. economy isn’t in a recession, the S&P 500 tends to do well during Fed rate hikes. Image: LPL Research
Federal Reserve Bank of New York Weekly Ecocomic Index and U.S. 10-Year Treasury Yield While the U.S. 10-year Treasury yield tends to follow the direction of macroeconomic indicators, it has decoupled from fundamentals. Image: Morgan Stanley Wealth Management
U.S. Money Supply M2 and Reserves of the Banking System U.S. money supply M2 shows significant jumps in growth, which could affect future inflation. Image: Financial Times