Valuations – MSCI Index Market Capitalization Relative to M2 U.S. market capitalization has rocketed since late 2022, pushing valuations to levels that M2 growth can’t justify on its own. There’s more at play now than just liquidity. Image: Gavekal, Macrobond
U.S. Inflation – Cleveland Median CPI vs. M2 Savings Deposits When fiscal policy drives money creation, inflation risk jumps. Spending and liquidity rise together, and before long, too much money chases too few goods. Recent U.S. money trends point toward price pressures ahead. Image: Bloomberg
Margin Debt as Percentage of M2 (Measure of Leverage) Leverage lifts returns when markets climb but reveals the weak spots when sentiment turns. Margin debt, as a share of the money supply, now stands at its highest since the dot‑com boom. Image: Real Investment Advice
U.S. M2 Money Supply With M2 up 4.27% year on year, the money supply is lagging behind economic growth, pointing to cooling inflation rather than trouble. Image: Real Investment Advice
U.S. M2 Money Creation by Year All signs point to a 2026 liquidity wave: bigger money funds, solid bank credit, and $40 billion a month from the Fed in T‑bill buys. That could juice reserves, pump up nearly $2 trillion in money creation, and keep stocks humming. Image: J.P. Morgan Flows and Liquidity
U.S. Money Supply M2 The pickup in the U.S. M2 money supply matters because it signals increasing liquidity that—if excessive relative to economic output and accompanied by rising velocity—could reignite inflationary pressures. Image: Deutsche Bank
M2 Money Supply Growth U.S. money supply growth has robustly returned to near its long-term trend. In contrast, the euro area has experienced a slight slowdown in money supply growth recently, although growth rates remain positive. Image: Deutsche Bank
Gold vs. U.S. M2 and U.S. Debt to GDP Historically, gold prices have tracked the expansion of the money supply and have responded to increases in U.S. government debt. Image: J.P. Morgan Commodities Research
U.S. M2 to Nominal GDP Ratio The return of the U.S. M2 to nominal GDP ratio to its long-term trend is a positive indicator. It reflects a healthier balance between money supply and economic output, fostering stability and sustainable growth in the economy. Image: Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Global M2 Liquidity The increase in global M2 money supply suggests that liquidity is on the rise, which is likely to stimulate economic activity and push equity markets higher. Image: Morgan Stanley Research
M2 Money Supply and CPI Inflation The significant decline in money supply growth is one of the factors contributing to the contraction of inflation in the United States. Image: Real Investment Advice