Central Bank Gold Purchases Central bank gold buying eased to 863 tonnes in 2025 from 1,092 tonnes in 2024. Buying has cooled, but official-sector demand remains well above historical standards and continues to play a…

Various S&P 500 Index 6-Month Returns May-October is often seen as the weaker stretch for U.S. stocks, averaging just 2.1%. But when April rallies more than 5%, history flips the script: since 1950, the S&P…

Seasonality – Monthly Return Stats for the S&P 500 May often looks flat for U.S. stocks on paper, but the ride is rarely smooth, with plenty of swings before the dust settles. Image: Topdown Charts

Risky vs. Safe Assets Fund Flows Over the past four weeks, inflows into risk assets have outpaced those into safer funds, pointing to a shift in investor appetite toward higher-return bets. With confidence rebuilding, markets…

MSCI World Sector/Style Valuations Valuations across many sectors and styles remain stretched, leaving investors with little margin for error. That’s what makes this market tricky. If sentiment shifts, there’s hardly any cushion. Image: Goldman Sachs…

Equity Market Concentration – Market Capitalization of 10 Largest Companies as Share of S&P 500 Total The market used to be a mirror. Now it acts more like a megaphone. Ten mega-caps account for 40%…

Probability of U.S. Recession Calculated from the Yield Curve The probability of U.S. recession in 12 months, calculated from the yield curve, stands at 14.5%, tilting the narrative toward continued expansion. This cycle still has…

Hyperscaler Quarterly Capex Growth Over the next few quarters, hyperscalers are set to slow capex growth, which could drag on valuations while leaving them more vulnerable in the supply-strained battle for AI leadership. Image: Goldman…

U.S. New Private Housing Units Authorized by Building Permits and Recessions In March, U.S. building permits declined to 1.372 million, below expectations. Historically, building permits tend to peak and then decline prior to economic recessions.…

S&P 500 Sector P/E Valuations Relative to History S&P 500 Financials still trade at relatively modest valuations versus other sectors, while Industrials are beginning to price in a lot of optimism. Image: Goldman Sachs Global…

S&P 500 Average Monthly Returns Since 1950 Since 1950, May has been a dead spot for U.S. stocks. The market typically finds its footing in June and July, only to see momentum fade as August…