Volatility – U.S. Options Expiration

Volatility – U.S. Options Expiration As $2.8 trillion in options notional value expires, markets may experience greater volatility and price movements due to intensified trading, evolving trader sentiment, and the dynamics of option exercise and…

Changes in Financial Conditions

Changes in Financial Conditions Looser U.S. financial conditions over the past three months are poised to reinforce two central pillars of economic growth: consumer spending and business investment. This is likely to benefit the U.S.…

S&P 500 and Liquidity

S&P 500 and Liquidity Increased aggregate U.S. liquidity generally acts as a tailwind for the stock market, potentially boosting equity prices—a dynamic currently reflected in the Liquidity Index. Image: Real Investment Advice

S&P 500 Index Returns in July

S&P 500 Index Returns in July Historically, the U.S. stock market tends to peak around this time in July. Given both seasonal and technical patterns, it would be perfectly normal for the current powerful 26%…

S&P 500 Cycle Composite

S&P 500 Cycle Composite The S&P 500 Cycle Composite points to a less bullish period of the year, with 2025 so far following typical seasonal patterns: early strength, mid-year volatility, and a potential year-end rally.…

Return on Equity (ROE) : S&P 500 vs. MSCI World ex. U.S.

Return on Equity (ROE) : S&P 500 vs. MSCI World ex. U.S. U.S. stocks have significantly outperformed their global peers in recent years, driven by the superior return-on-equity of American companies—a key factor reinforcing the…

Foreign Revenues by Region for the S&P 500

Foreign Revenues of S&P 500 Companies While S&P 500 companies are broadly exposed to global markets, the majority of their sales—and thus, much of their operational and macroeconomic risk—remains tied to the U.S. economy. Image:…

Net Bullish Sentiment vs. S&P 500 Index

Net Bullish Sentiment vs. S&P 500 Index Investor sentiment has rebounded sharply since April’s market turmoil, buoyed by trade-related optimism, but it has not reached the excessive bullishness that usually signals a market peak. Image:…